When Europeans arrived in North America, the Dakota people lived in what is now Minnesota. Main article: History of Minnesota Map of Minnesota Territory 1849–1858 Many places in the state have similar Dakota names, such as Minnehaha Falls ("curling water" or waterfall), Minneiska ("white water"), Minneota ("much water"), Minnetonka ("big water"), Minnetrista ("crooked water"), and Minneapolis, a hybrid word combining Dakota mní ("water") and - polis ( Greek for "city"). Dakota people demonstrated the name to early settlers by dropping milk into water and calling it mní sóta. The word Minnesota comes from the Dakota name for the Minnesota River, which got its name from one of two words in Dakota: " mní sóta", which means "clear blue water", or " Mníssota", which means "cloudy water". Minnesota's standard of living and level of education are among the highest in the U.S., and it is ranked among the best states in metrics such as employment, median income, safety, and governance. In more recent decades, Minnesota has become more multicultural, driven by both larger domestic migration and immigration from Latin America, Asia, the Horn of Africa, and the Middle East the state has the nation's largest population of Somali Americans and second-largest Hmong population. The state is home to 11 federally recognized Native American reservations (seven Ojibwe, four Dakota), and remains a center of Scandinavian and German cultures with an influence of Lutheranism. Since the late 20th century, the core of Minnesota's economy has diversified, shifting from traditional industries such as agriculture and resource extraction to services, finance, and health care it is consequently one of the richest in terms of GDP and per capita income. Minnesota is considered Democratic-leaning, having voted for every Democratic presidential nominee since 1976, longer than any other U.S. Minnesota's rapid industrialization and urbanization precipitated major social, economic, and political changes in the late 19th and early 20th centuries the state was at the forefront of labor rights, women's suffrage, and political reform. Into the early 20th century, European immigrants arrived in significant numbers, particularly from Scandinavia, Germany, and Central Europe many were linked to the failed revolutions of 1848, which partly influenced the state's development as a center of labor and social activism. Its growth was initially based on timber, agriculture, and railroad construction. Minnesota's official motto, L'Étoile du Nord, is the only state motto in French meaning "The Star of the North", this phrase was adopted shortly after statehood and reflects both the state's early French explorers and its position as the northernmost state in the contiguous U.S.Īs part of the American frontier, Minnesota attracted settlers and homesteaders from across the country. After several territorial reorganizations, the Minnesota Territory was admitted to the Union as the 32nd state in 1858. Much of what is now Minnesota formed part of the vast French holding of Louisiana, which the United States purchased in 1803. French explorers and missionaries were the earliest Europeans to enter the region, encountering the Dakota, Ojibwe, and various Anishinaabe tribes. The Upper Mississippian culture, consisting of the Oneota people and other Siouan speakers, emerged around 1000 CE and lasted through the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century. Between roughly 200 and 500 CE, two areas of the indigenous Hopewell tradition emerged: the Laurel complex in the north, and Trempealeau Hopewell in the Mississippi River Valley in the south. Minnesota, which gets its name from the Dakota language, has been inhabited by various indigenous peoples since the Woodland period of the 11th century BCE. Other minor metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas in the state include Duluth, Mankato, Moorhead, Rochester, and St. With a population of about 3.7 million, the Twin Cities is the 16th largest metropolitan area in the U.S. More than 60% of Minnesotans live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area, known as the "Twin Cities", the state's main political, economic, and cultural hub. Roughly a third of the state is covered in forests, and it is known as the "Land of 10,000 Lakes" for having more than 14,000 bodies of fresh water covering at least ten acres each. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to intensive agriculture deciduous forests in the southeast, now partially cleared, farmed, and settled and the less populated North Woods, used for mining, forestry, and recreation. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota ( / ˌ m ɪ n ɪ ˈ s oʊ t ə/ ⓘ MIH-nih- SOH-tə) is a state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States.
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